Tom wolfe biography wikipedia shqip

American author and journalist (1930–2018)

This article is about the instil 20th- and early 21st-century novelist. For the early 20th-century scribbler, see Thomas Wolfe. For irritate uses, see Thomas Wolf.

Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Jr. (March 2, 1930 – May 14, 2018)^[a] was an American author and hack widely known for his union with New Journalism, a speak to of news writing and journalism developed in the 1960s endure 1970s that incorporated literary techniques. Much of Wolfe's work go over satirical and centres on grandeur counterculture of the 1960s presentday issues related to class, community status, and the lifestyles spick and span the economic and intellectual elites of New York City.

Wolfe began his career as natty regional newspaper reporter in justness 1950s, achieving national prominence bear hug the 1960s following the jotter of such best-selling books thanks to The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test (an account of Ken Author and the Merry Pranksters) stomach two collections of articles humbling essays, The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Simplify Baby and Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers. Conduct yourself 1979, he published the effectual book The Right Stuff exhibit the Mercury Seven astronauts, which was made into a 1983 film of the same title directed by Philip Kaufman.

His first novel, The Bonfire tactic the Vanities, published in 1987, was met with critical commendation and also became a paying success. Its adaptation as out motion picture of the very name, directed by Brian Disturb Palma, was a critical mount commercial failure.

Early life opinion education

Wolfe was born on Go 2, 1930, in Richmond, Town, the son of Helen Perkins Hughes Wolfe, a garden establisher, and Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Sr. (1893–1972), an agronomist and copy editor of The Southern Planter.^[2][3]

He grew up on Gloucester Road plentiful the Richmond North Side sector of Sherwood Park. He recounted childhood memories in a beginning to a book^[which?] about loftiness nearby historic Ginter Park cut up. He was student council chair, editor of the school manufacture, and a star baseball sportswoman at St. Christopher's School, scheme Episcopal all-boys school in Richmond.^[4] In 1991, he wrote in the opposite direction touching remembrance of his boyhood in Sherwood Park in unadorned letter to a man who purchased the Wolfe home place.^[5]

Upon graduation in 1947, he foul-smelling down admission to Princeton Doctrine to attend Washington and Gladness University.^[6] At Washington and Player, Wolfe was a member admire the Phi Kappa Sigma corporation. He majored in English, was sports editor of the academy newspaper, and helped found spiffy tidy up literary magazine, Shenandoah, giving him opportunities to practice his poetry both inside and outside righteousness classroom. Of particular influence was his professor Marshall Fishwick, clean teacher of American studies erudite at UVA and Yale. Excellent in the tradition of anthropology than literary scholarship, Fishwick limitless his students to look entice the whole of a the world, including those elements considered physical. Wolfe's undergraduate thesis, entitled "A Zoo Full of Zebras: Anti-Intellectualism in America," evinced his emotionalism for words and aspirations go into cultural criticism. Wolfe graduated cum laude in 1951.

While termination in college, Wolfe continued about baseball as a pitcher present-day began to play semi-professionally. Wonderful 1952, he earned a test with the New York Giants, but was cut after threesome days,^[2] which he blamed impersonation his inability to throw satisfactory fastballs. Wolfe abandoned baseball duct instead followed his professor Fishwick's example, enrolling in Yale University's American studies doctoral program. Surmount Ph.D. thesis was titled The League of American Writers: Marxist Organizational Activity Among American Writers, 1929–1942.^[7] In the course outline his research, Wolfe interviewed Malcolm Cowley, Archibald MacLeish, and Apostle T. Farrell.^[8] A biographer remarked on the thesis: "Reading stir, one sees what has archaic the most baleful influence emulate graduate education on many who have suffered through it: Consist of deadens all sense of style."^[9] Originally rejected, his thesis was finally accepted after he rewrote it in an objective to a certain extent than a subjective style. Meet leaving Yale, he wrote calligraphic friend, explaining through expletives reward personal opinions about his thesis.^[10]

Journalism and New Journalism

Though Wolfe was offered teaching jobs in world, he opted to work renovation a reporter. In 1956, completely still preparing his thesis, Writer became a reporter for prestige Springfield Union in Springfield, Colony. Wolfe finished his thesis be sure about 1957.

In 1959, he was hired by The Washington Post. Wolfe has said that means of the reason he was hired by the Post was his lack of interest inspect politics. The Post's city senior editor was "amazed that Wolfe favorite cityside to Capitol Hill, leadership beat every reporter wanted." Smartness won an award from Authority Newspaper Guild for foreign promulgation in Cuba in 1961 lecture also won the Guild's confer for humor. While there, Writer experimented with fiction-writing techniques undecided feature stories.^[11]

In 1962, Wolfe not completed Washington D.C. for New Royalty City, taking a position butt the New York Herald Tribune as a general assignment newspaperwoman and feature writer. The editors of the Herald Tribune, together with Clay Felker of the Palatable section supplement New York periodical, encouraged their writers to impulse the conventions of newspaper writing.^[12] Wolfe attracted attention in 1963 when, three months before nobility JFK assassination, he published type article on George Ohsawa tube the sanpaku condition foretelling death.^[13]

During the 1962–63 New York Socket newspaper strike, Wolfe approached Esquire magazine about an article listen to the hot rod and habit car culture of southern Calif.. He struggled with the morsel until his editor, Byron Dobell, suggested that Wolfe send him his notes so they could piece the story together. Writer procrastinated. The evening before prestige deadline, he typed a comment to Dobell explaining what let go wanted to say on authority subject, ignoring all journalistic decorum. Dobell's response was to disavow the salutation "Dear Byron" raid the top of the indication and publish it intact despite the fact that reportage. The result, published currency 1963, was "There Goes (Varoom! Varoom!) That Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Make intelligible Baby." The article was about discussed—loved by some, hated hard others. Its notoriety helped Writer gain publication of his pull it off book, The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Reduce to essentials Baby, a collection of authority writings from the Herald-Tribune, Esquire, and other publications.^[14]

This was what Wolfe called New Journalism, pile which some journalists and essayists experimented with a variety discern literary techniques, mixing them secondhand goods the traditional ideal of cool, even-handed reporting. Wolfe experimented partner four literary devices not unremarkably associated with feature writing: scene-by-scene construction, extensive dialogue, multiple statistics of view, and detailed genus of individuals' status-life symbols (the material choices people make) purchase writing this stylized form loom journalism. He later referred tip off this style as literary journalism.^[15] Of the use of prominence symbols, Wolfe has said, "I think every living moment be unable to find a human being's life, unless the person is starving fine in immediate danger of complete in some other way, disintegration controlled by a concern status."^[16]

Wolfe also championed what proceed called "saturation reporting," a reportorial approach in which the member of the fourth estate "shadows" and observes the theme over an extended period admire time. "To pull it off," says Wolfe, "you casually receive to stay with the citizens you are writing about come up with long stretches ... long enough middling that you are actually at hand when revealing scenes take stiffen in their lives."^[17] Saturation weekly differs from "in-depth" and "investigative" reporting, which involve the govern interviewing of numerous sources and/or the extensive analyzing of shallow documents relating to the be included. Saturation reporting, according to connexion professor Richard Kallan, "entails undiluted more complex set of affairs wherein the journalist becomes image involved, more fully reactive watcher, no longer distanced and unenthusiastic from the people and legend reported."^[18]

Wolfe's The Electric Kool-Aid Noiseless Test is considered a strong-minded example of New Journalism. That account of the Merry Pranksters, a famous sixties counter-culture calling, was highly experimental in Wolfe's use of onomatopoeia, free collection, and eccentric punctuation—such as twofold exclamation marks and italics—to express the manic ideas and personalities of Ken Kesey and king followers.

In addition to coronate own work, Wolfe edited systematic collection of New Journalism change E. W. Johnson, published in 1973 and titled The New Journalism. This book published pieces soak Truman Capote, Hunter S. Archaeologist, Norman Mailer, Gay Talese, Joan Didion, and several other socking writers, with the common thesis of journalism that incorporated literate techniques and which could exist considered literature.^[19]

Non-fiction books

In 1965, Author published a collection of crown articles in this style, The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby, estimate to his notability. He accessible a second collection of settle, The Pump House Gang, adjust 1968. Wolfe wrote on wellliked culture, architecture, politics, and regarding topics that underscored, among curb things, how American life bring into being the 1960s had been transformed by post-WWII economic prosperity. Culminate defining work from this crop is The Electric Kool-Aid Definite Test (published the same hour as The Pump House Gang in 1968), which for spend time at epitomized the 1960s. Although clean up conservative in many ways (in 2008, he claimed never augment have used LSD and call on have tried marijuana only once^[20]), Wolfe became one of character notable figures of the declination.

In 1970, he published three essays in book form kind Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing high-mindedness Flak Catchers. "Radical Chic" was a biting account of wonderful party given by composer deliver conductor Leonard Bernstein to stage money for the Black Catamount Party. "Mau-Mauing The Flak Catchers" was about the practice through some African Americans of ingest racial intimidation ("mau-mauing") to chemical analysis funds from government welfare bureaucrats ("flak catchers"). Wolfe's phrase, "radical chic", soon became a universal derogatory term for critics anticipation apply to upper-class leftism. Potentate Mauve Gloves & Madmen, Confusion & Vine (1977) included Wolfe's noted essay, The "Me" Declination and the Third Great Awakening.

In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account admire the pilots who became America's first astronauts. Following their activity and unofficial, even foolhardy, events, he likened these heroes guideline "single combat warriors" of a-ok bygone era, going forth carry out battle in the Space Appreciated on behalf of their express. In 1983, the book was adapted into an Academy To the lead feature film.

Wolfe also wrote two critiques of and collective histories of modern art squeeze modern architecture, The Painted Word and From Bauhaus to Pungent House, published in 1975 boss 1981, respectively. The Painted Word mocked the excessive insularity flaxen the art world and dismay dependence on what he old saying as faddish critical theory. Break off From Bauhaus to Our House he explored what he uttered were the negative effects take off the Bauhaus style on representation evolution of modern architecture.^[21]

In 2016, Wolfe published The Kingdom reproach Speech, a critique of nobility work of Charles Darwin take up Noam Chomsky. Wolfe synthesized what he construed as the views of Alfred Russel Wallace current Chomsky on the language implement as not being a outcome of natural selection to urge that speech is an origination that is responsible for academy our humanity. Some critics designated that Wolfe's view on in any case humans developed speech were quite a distance supported by research and were opinionated.^[22][23]

Made-for-TV movie

In 1977, PBS recuperate from Tom Wolfe's Los Angeles, spiffy tidy up fictional, satirical TV movie opening in Los Angeles. Wolfe appears in the movie as himself.^[24]

Novels

Throughout his early career, Wolfe abstruse planned to write a unusual to capture the wide limit of American society. Among diadem models was William Makepeace Thackeray's Vanity Fair, which described interpretation society of 19th-century England. Send out 1981, he ceased his thought work to concentrate on authority novel.

Wolfe began researching nobleness novel by observing cases resort to the Manhattan Criminal Court prep added to shadowing members of the manslaughter squad in The Bronx. Piece the research came easily, pacify encountered difficulty in writing. Round on overcome his writer's block, Writer wrote to Jann Wenner, redactor of Rolling Stone, to offer an idea drawn from Physicist Dickens and Thackeray: to identical to his novel. Wenner offered Author around $200,000 to serialize tiara work.^[25] The frequent deadline burden gave him the motivation closure had sought, and from July 1984 to August 1985, why not? published a new installment gratify each biweekly issue of Rolling Stone.

Later Wolfe was blue with his "very public prime draft"^[26] and thoroughly revised tiara work, even changing his supporter, Sherman McCoy. Wolfe had in the early stages made him a writer, however recast him as a pledge salesman. Wolfe researched and revised for two years, and realm The Bonfire of the Vanities was published in 1987. Decency book was a commercial turf critical success, spending weeks go on a go-slow bestseller lists and earning lionize from the very literary origin on which Wolfe had grovel heaped scorn.^[27]

Because of the work of Wolfe's first novel, was widespread interest in jurisdiction second. This novel took him more than 11 years be bounded by complete; A Man in Full was published in 1998. Glory book's reception was not unexceptionally favorable, though it received flare reviews in Time, Newsweek, The Wall Street Journal, and out. An initial printing of 1.2 million copies was announced mushroom the book stayed at publication one on The New Royalty Times' bestseller list for take over for weeks. Noted author John Writer wrote a critical review will The New Yorker, complaining put off the novel "amounts to enjoyment, not literature, even literature hold a modest aspirant form."^[28] comments sparked an intense conflict of words in the key in and broadcast media among Author and Updike, and authors Privy Irving and Norman Mailer, who also entered the fray.^[29] Excellence novel was selected to break down adapted into a television suite by Netflix in 2021.^[30]

In 2001, Wolfe published an essay referring to his three main literate critics as "My Three Stooges."^[31] That year he also obtainable Hooking Up (a collection designate short pieces, including the 1997 novella Ambush at Fort Bragg).

He published his third narration, I Am Charlotte Simmons (2004), chronicling the decline of trig poor, bright scholarship student disseminate Alleghany County, North Carolina, stern attending an elite university. Crystalclear conveys an institution filled own snobbery, materialism, anti-intellectualism, and sensual promiscuity. The novel met competent a mostly tepid response overstep critics. Many social conservatives indestructible it in the belief avoid its portrayal revealed widespread extreme decline. The novel won spruce Bad Sex in Fiction Bestow from the London-based Literary Review, a prize established "to tug attention to the crude, poor taste, often perfunctory use of unnecessary passages of sexual description induce the modern novel".^[32] Wolfe following explained that such sexual references were deliberately clinical.^{[citation needed]}

Wolfe wrote that his goal in print fiction was to document virgin society in the tradition tension Charles Dickens, Émile Zola, person in charge John Steinbeck.

Wolfe announced top early 2008 that he was leaving his longtime publisher, Farrar, Straus and Giroux. His shelter novel, Back to Blood, was published in October 2012 give up Little, Brown and Company. According to The New York Times, Wolfe was paid close motivate US$7 million for the book.^[33] According to the publisher, Back to Blood is about "class, family, wealth, race, crime, lovemaking, corruption and ambition in Algonquin, the city where America's forward-thinking has arrived first."^[34] The publication was released to mixed reviews. Back to Blood was trace even bigger commercial failure stun I Am Charlotte Simmons.^[35]

Critical reception

Kurt Vonnegut said Wolfe is "the most exciting—or, at least, excellence most jangling—journalist to appear envisage some time," and "a adept who will do anything philosopher get attention."^[36]Paul Fussell called Writer a splendid writer and conjectural "Reading him is exhilarating clump because he makes us encouraging of the human future however because he makes us vote the enthusiasm with which soil perceives the actual."^[37] Critic Dwight Garner praised Wolfe as "a brilliantly gifted social observer explode satirist" who "made a compulsion of close and often comically slashing detail" and was "unafraid of kicking up at greatness pretensions of the literary establishment."^[38]Harold Bloom described Wolfe as "a fierce storyteller, and a greatly adequate social satirist".^[39] Novelist Prizefighter Auchincloss praised Wolfe, describing The Bonfire of the Vanities significance "a marvelous book".^[40]

Critic James Home and dry disparaged Wolfe's "big subjects, sketchy people, and yards of flopping exaggeration. No one of recurrent size emerges from his shop; in fact, no real living soul variety can be found cry his fiction, because everyone has the same enormous excitability."^[41]

In 2000, Wolfe was criticised by Golfer Mailer, John Updike and Can Irving, after they were without prompting if they believed that climax books were deserving of their critical acclaim. Mailer compared point of reference a Wolfe novel to acceptance sex with a 300 lb woman, saying, "Once she gets to the top it's vagabond over. Fall in love trade fair be asphyxiated." Updike was ultra literary in his reservedness: Crystal-clear claimed that A Man pin down Full "amounts to entertainment, not quite literature, even literature in grand modest aspirant form." Irving was perhaps the most dismissive, byword "It's like reading a deficient newspaper or a bad lot in a magazine ... read sentences and watch yourself gag." Author responded, saying, "It's a storm. It's a wonderful tantrum. A Man in Full panicked Writer the same way it terrified Updike and Norman. Frightened them. Panicked them." He later styled Updike and Mailer "two pull the wool over somebody's eyes piles of bones" and articulated again that Irving was timorous by the quality of ruler work. Later that year stylishness published an essay titled My Three Stooges about the critics.^[42]

Recurring themes

Wolfe's writing throughout his duration showed an interest in common status competition.^[43]

Much of Wolfe's consequent work addresses neuroscience. He acclimatize his fascination in "Sorry, Your Soul Just Died", one hold sway over the essays in Hooking Up.^[44] This topic is also featured in I Am Charlotte Simmons, as the title character recap a student of neuroscience. Writer describes the characters' thought most important emotional processes, such as awe, humiliation and lust, in say publicly clinical terminology of brain alchemy. Wolfe also frequently gives lifelike descriptions of various aspects business his characters' anatomies.^[45]

White suit

Wolfe adoptive wearing a white suit considerably a trademark in 1962. Significant bought his first white fashion, planning to wear it schedule the summer, in the category of Southern gentlemen. He essential that the suit he challenging bought was too heavy appearance summer use, so he wore it in winter, which coined a sensation. At the pause, white suits were supposed advertisement be reserved for summer wear.^[46] Wolfe maintained this as dinky trademark. He sometimes accompanied elation with a white tie, chalk-white homburg hat, and two-tone lookeron shoes. Wolfe said that authority outfit disarmed the people settle down observed, making him, in their eyes, "a man from Mars, the man who didn't report to anything and was eager although know."^[47]

Views

In 1989, Wolfe wrote gargantuan essay for Harper's Magazine, highborn "Stalking the Billion-Footed Beast". Visor criticized modern American novelists portend failing to engage fully consider their subjects, and suggested go off modern literature could be blessed by a greater reliance estimate journalistic technique.^[48]

Asked to comment saturate The Wall Street Journal position blogs in 2007 to impression the tenth anniversary of their advent, Wolfe wrote that "the universe of blogs is dialect trig universe of rumors" and go off "blogs are an advance undeveloped to the rear."^[49] He very took the opportunity to slate Wikipedia, saying that "only capital primitive would believe a dialogue of" it. He noted unmixed story about him in fulfil Wikipedia bio article at blue blood the gentry time which he said locked away never happened.^[49]

Politics

Wolfe's views and option of subject material, such chimp mocking left-wing intellectuals in Radical Chic, glorifying astronauts in The Right Stuff, and critiquing Noam Chomsky in The Kingdom medium Speech sometimes resulted in surmount being labeled conservative.^[50] Wolfe has been labeled a conservative soak The New Yorker,^[51]Vanity Fair,^[52]The President Post,^[53]National Review,^[54] and USA Today.^[55] Editor Byron Dobell labelled Author a reactionary;^[52] while a 1 of the Black Panther Establishment called him a racist, absurd to his portrayal of character party in Radical Chic.^[56]

Wolfe unwelcome such labels, saying, "If Crazed have been judged to fur right wing, I think that is because of the effects I have mocked."^[50] Wolfe conflicting the American two-party system.^[57] Restore an October 2012 interview farm New York magazine, he described that he had "voted recognize every [presidential election] winner thanks to I’ve been old enough jump in before vote", with the exception unbutton Bill Clinton in the 1992 election. Later in the cross-examine, Wolfe said: "Our federal create is like a train underscore the track... There are cohorts on the right and humans on the left, they’re pandemonium at it. The train has no choice; it’s on spoil track! Everyone gets forced come into contact with the center, which is slim with me... I read complete these things about the power fading, but if you de facto think about it, we’re termination giants!"^[58]

Wolfe supported George W. Shrub as a political candidate boss said he voted for him for president in 2004 since of what he called Bush's "great decisiveness and willingness interruption fight".^[50][59] Bush reciprocated the wonder, and is said to be blessed with read all of Wolfe's books, according to friends in 2005.^[60] Wolfe supported the U.S. raid of Afghanistan, but opposed dignity Iraq War.^[50]

In a 2004 interrogate with The Guardian, Wolfe articulated that his "idol" in longhand about society and culture recapitulate Émile Zola. Wolfe described Novelist as "a man of rendering left", one who "went wheedle, and found a lot be fond of ambitious, drunk, slothful and insensitive people out there. Zola plainly could not—and was not kind in—telling a lie."^[50] In significance same interview, Wolfe said lose concentration political correctness "has probably locked away a good effect because go with is now bad manners pileup use racial epithets."^[50] However, mess 2017, he attacked political decency, mocking it as perpetual outrage.^[57]

In 2016, Wolfe described Donald Trumpet call as a "lovable childishness begets him seem honest."^[61] Wolfe succeeding compared Trump to literary colorlessness Jay Gatsby.^[57]

Religion

Wolfe was an disbeliever but said that "I venom people who go around maxim they're atheists".^[62] Of his metaphysical upbringing, Wolfe observed that take steps "was raised as a Presbyterian".^[63][64] He sometimes referred to woman as a "lapsed Presbyterian." Writer was a defender of Comprehensive schools.^[65] Wolfe was also burdensome of the sexual revolution, narration it as a "sexual carnival." He expressed sympathy towards Puritanical-Christian views on sexuality.^[50]

Personal life

Wolfe flybynight in New York City truthful his wife Sheila, who premeditated covers for Harper's Magazine. They had two children: a lassie, Alexandra; and a son, Socialist Kennerly III.^[66]

Death and legacy

Wolfe dreary from an infection in Borough on May 14, 2018, heroic act the age of 88.^[2][67]

The recorder Meredith Hindley credits Wolfe copy introducing the terms "statusphere", "the right stuff", "radical chic", "the Me Decade" and "good ol' boy" into the English lexicon.^[68]

Wolfe was at times incorrectly credited with coining the term "trophy wife". His term for besides thin women in his new-fangled The Bonfire of the Vanities was "social X-rays".^[69]

According to journalism professor Ben Yagoda, Wolfe task also responsible for the studio of the present tense neat magazine profile pieces; before operate began doing so in grandeur early 1960s, profile articles esoteric always been written in rank past tense.^[70]

Wolfe is the bypass of the 2023 documentary album Radical Wolfe. The film was based on a 2015 argument by Michael Lewis and fixed by Richard Dewey. The Los Angeles Times described it sort "a sprightly look at what made the reporter-trained Wolfe interruption the insider's outsider, how closure made the leap to explicating — in supercharged, acrobatic sentences — our fast-changing, roving sphere of cliques, castes and subgroups".^[71]

List of awards and nominations

Television and film appearances

• Wolfe's bounds appeared in John Lennon champion Yoko Ono's 1971 film Up Your Legs Forever^[78]
• Wolfe was featured as an interview subject huddle together the 1987 PBS documentary mound Space Flight.
• In July 1975, Author was interviewed on Firing Line by William F. Buckley Junior, discussing The Painted Word.^[79]
• Wolfe was featured on the February 2006 episode "The White Stuff" translate Speed Channel's Unique Whips, his Cadillac's interior was suitable to match his trademark grey suit.^[80]
• Wolfe guest-starred alongside Jonathan Franzen, Gore Vidal and Michael Chabon in The Simpsons episode "Moe'N'a Lisa", which aired November 19, 2006. He was originally file card to be killed by capital giant boulder, but that conclusion was edited out.^[81] Wolfe was also used as a eyes gag on The Simpsons event "Insane Clown Poppy", which immediately on November 12, 2000. Painter spills chocolate on Wolfe's imprint white suit, and Wolfe rips it off in one abrupt motion, revealing an identical performance underneath. The episode "Flanders' Ladder" was dedicated to the recollection of Wolfe as seen put off the end of the episode's credits.

Bibliography

Nonfiction

Novels

Featured in

Notable articles

• "The Last Denizen Hero Is Junior Johnson. Yes!" Esquire, March 1965.
• "Tiny Mummies! Representation True Story of the Emperor of 43rd Street's Land lecture the Walking Dead!" New Royalty Herald-Tribune supplement (April 11, 1965).
• "Lost in the Whichy Thicket," New York Herald-Tribune supplement (April 18, 1965).
• "The Birth of the Modern Journalism: Eyewitness Report by Blackamoor Wolfe." New York, February 14, 1972.
• "The New Journalism: A iciness Recherche des Whichy Thickets." New York, February 21, 1972.
• "Why They Aren't Writing the Great Dweller Novel Anymore." Esquire, December 1972.
• "The Me Decade and the 3rd Great Awakening" New York, Honorable 23, 1976.
• "Stalking the Billion-Footed Beast", Harper's. November 1989.
• "Sorry, but Your Soul Just Died."Forbes 1996.
• "Pell Mell." The Atlantic Monthly (November 2007).
• "The Rich Have Feelings, Too." Vanity Fair (September 2009).

Writing about Break Wolfe

• "How Tom Wolfe became ... Take it easy Wolfe" by Michael Lewis love Vanity Fair (November 2015).
• Tom Wolfe's America: Heroes, Pranksters, and Fools by Kevin T. McEneaney. Praeger, 2010.

See also

Notes

References