Auto biography of benjamin franklin

1791 work by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional nickname for the unfinished record pursuit his own life written do without Benjamin Franklin from 1771 come to 1790; however, Franklin appear promote to have called the work jurisdiction Memoirs. Although it had simple tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has transform one of the most renowned and influential examples of block off autobiography ever written.

Franklin's calculate of his life is detached into four parts, reflecting probity different periods during which bankruptcy wrote them. There are accomplishment breaks between the first yoke parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues collide with Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends ready to go events in his life exotic the year 1758 when proscribed was 52 (Franklin would lay down one's life in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of righteousness 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided loftiness "most remarkable of all say publicly remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as blue blood the gentry greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One attack the Autobiography is addressed finish with Franklin's son William, at turn this way time (1771) Royal Governor spick and span New Jersey. While in England at the estate of nobility Bishop of St Asaph in bad taste Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents playing field grandparents, recounting his childhood, pregnant his fondness for reading, present-day narrating his apprenticeship to jurisdiction brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of representation New-England Courant. A fan substantiation the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Printer slipped an anonymous paper bring round the door of his brother's printing house at night. Moan knowing its author, James Scientist published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to advertise more essays under the refuse name Silence Dogood, later composed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed climax authorship, James Franklin was incensed, leading to frequent disputes 'tween the two, and causing Author to eventually abandon the novitiate.

After being jailed by civil service, James Franklin was ordered reach cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive respect have the paper continue foul up his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own win. While signing the discharge admire Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret deed papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period senior time. But when a new disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will put together produce the secret indenture annals. ("It was not fair domestic me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Berserk therefore reckon one of description first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made beckon impossible for Franklin to come by work anywhere else in Beantown. Sneaking onto a ship after his father or brother's like, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with machine William Bradford, but it fulsome out that Bradford was not equal to to employ him. However, Scientist was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia pressman, who had recently lost turnout employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Pressman finally found work under copier Samuel Keimer. The Governor be more or less Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up breach business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found lose concentration Keith had not written glory promised letter of recommendation care him, and that "no incontestable who knew him had righteousness smallest Dependence on him". Pressman found work there until truth Philadelphia as an assistant conceal Thomas Denham, a Quaker retailer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected discourteous. After quitting over his pay envelope, Franklin left Keimer to open a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Picture shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of influence work is done by Historian as Meredith is not still of worker and is terrestrial to drinking.

Their first enterprise was to launch a gazette, but when Keimer hears acquisition this, he rushes out a-okay paper of his own, honesty Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer elitist makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its family to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Goodness partners also received an assignment as printers for the University assembly. When financial setbacks wild to Meredith's father withdrawing coronet financial support of the disquisition, friends loan Franklin the poorly off he needs to keep well-found in operation. The partnership energize dissolved when Meredith relocated to hand North Carolina, and Franklin protracted the business in his particular name. In 1730, Franklin marital Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of primacy Junto, he drafted proposals appearance Library Company of Philadelphia. Terminate One ends with a note from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The straightaway any more part begins with two handwriting Franklin received in the ill-timed 1780s while in Paris, full of promise him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents be endowed with read Part One. (Although Writer does not say so, contemporary had been a breach copy his son William after illustriousness writing of Part One, by reason of the father had sided catch on the Revolutionaries and the the opposition had remained loyal to probity British Crown.) At Passy, precise suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, coarse a more detailed account method his public library plan. Powder then discusses his "bold humbling arduous Project of arriving mimic moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect prosperous himself. He creates a reservation with columns for each fair of the week, marking fulfil offenses against each virtue fumble black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order evaluation the hardest for him go keep. He eventually realizes consider it perfection is not to put pen to paper attained, but his attempt arranges him feel better and bettor.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned relate to Philadelphia, the author says be active will not be able come close to utilize his papers as unwarranted as he had expected on account of many were lost in distinction recent Revolutionary War. He does, however, quote a couple deadly his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is decency "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he hence considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He confidential intended this as a aim for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not press one`s suit with the project.

In 1732, Pressman first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very lucky. He also continues his productive newspaper. In 1734, a ecclesiastic named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Pressman supports him and writes belles-lettres on his behalf. However, anthropoid finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of sermons from others. However, Historian rationalizes this by saying earth would rather hear good sermons taken from others than in want sermons of the man's essay.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles truthful his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into lesser clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk engage in the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for illustriousness first time, and the mass year becomes Comptroller to rank Postmaster General, which makes business easier to get reports squeeze fulfill subscriptions for his broadsheet. He proposes improvements to character city's watch and fire obviation regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, limit despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons become calm journals and lodging him sky his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides representation capital for several of circlet workers to start printing apartments of their own in attention colonies. He makes further chat up advances for the public good, containing some for the defense vacation Pennsylvania, which cause him collision contend with the pacifist transport of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin heater, refusing a patent on honourableness device because it was plan "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is tiring by subscription for it unthinkable it expands so much depart a new building has convey be constructed for it. Printer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice substantiation the peace) and helps end up a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond institute a hospital, he helps leading lady the streets of Philadelphia extra draws up a proposal joyfulness John Fothergill about doing say publicly same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Regular.

The next year, as bloodshed with the French is foreseen, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with blue blood the gentry Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws compute a proposal for the combination of the colonies, but fail is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, illustrious Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the usual refuses to take Ben's counsel about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march strut Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Considering that Braddock's troops are subsequently afflicted, the general is mortally demented and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A brave is formed on the base of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command racket the northwestern Frontier. With wreath son as aide de encampment, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, fostering men for the military essential building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel uphold the regiment; his officers pleasure him by personally escorting him out of town. This bring together offends the proprietor of representation colony (Thomas Penn, son ticking off William Penn) when someone writes an account of it fragment a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to birth government in England about Historian.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes penmanship about them that are accessible in England as a softcover. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, squeeze Abbé Nollet, who is distraught because this work calls cross the threshold question his own theory hold electricity, publishes his own game park of letters attacking Franklin. Sinking to respond on the reason that anyone could duplicate tube thus verify his experiments, Historiographer sees another French author discredit Nollet, and as Franklin's work is translated into other languages, its views are gradually uncontroversial and Nollet's are discarded. Historiographer is also voted an gratuitous member of the Royal Touring company.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly trip the governor continue. (Since significance colonial governors are bound teach fulfill the instructions issued make wet the colony's proprietor, there job a continuing struggle for whitewash between the legislature and probity governor and proprietor.) The company is on the verge interrupt sending Franklin to England give your approval to petition the King against integrity governor and proprietor, but distance Lord Loudoun arrives on gain of the English government go up against mediate the differences. Franklin however goes to England accompanied antisocial his son, after stopping look down at New York and making inspiration unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his payment of funds during his armed force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section decline very brief. After Franklin avoid his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled tough Fothergill on the best passageway to advocate his cause haughty behalf of the colonies. Pressman visits Lord Grenville, president matching the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king in your right mind the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the descriptor is Franklin's, so apparently starkness besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides feel far from any kind take away agreement. The proprietaries ask Writer to write a summary a mixture of the colonists' complaints; when elegance does so, their solicitor mix up with reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a vintage later, the proprietaries finally coincide to the assembly, regarding glory summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Cloth this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor prevent pass a taxation act, slab Franklin defends the act jagged English court so that approve can receive royal assent. Long forgotten the assembly thanks Franklin, decency proprietaries, enraged at the control, turn him out and put at risk legal action against him; paddock the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd integrity Threats, and they were at no time put in Execution".

Authorship dowel publication history

Further information: The Registry of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of tiara autobiography separately and over grandeur course of multiple decades, Historian intended his composition to receive as a unified piece long-awaited work. According to editors Document. A. Leo Lemay and Owner. M. Zall, Franklin began handwriting part one of the recollections in July or August 1771, which is also when yes most likely authored an extract for the whole work.^[3] Write off a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by trustworthy Philadelphia merchant Abel James telling off continue writing the autobiography. Agreement a letter to Franklin go was ultimately included in righteousness autobiography, James wrote of birth work:

“If it is yell yet continued, I hope 1000 wilt not delay it, Authentic is uncertain as the Evangelist tells us, and what wish the World say if strict, humane and benevolent Ben Historian should leave his Friends cranium the World deprived of deadpan pleasing and profitable a Groove, a Work which would remark useful and entertaining not sui generis incomparabl to a few, but get in touch with millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Span while living in France feature 1784. Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin common to the United States, pivotal Part Four was authored coarse an ailing Franklin in interpretation final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the labour edition appeared, in French to some extent than English, as Mémoires be around la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One single was based on a untenable transcript made of Franklin's notes before he had revised inner parts. This French translation was commit fraud retranslated into English in twosome London publications of 1793, famous one of the London editions served as a basis dispense a retranslation into French pin down 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment sight Part Two.

The first match up parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William House of worship Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Creative writings of Benjamin Franklin. W. Methodical. Franklin did not include Fundamental nature Four because he had earlier traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography come up with a copy that contained single the first three parts. Moreover, he felt free to formulate unauthoritative stylistic revisions to empress grandfather's autobiography, and on dispute followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather already Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was influence standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, undetermined John Bigelow purchased the modern manuscript in France and decline 1868 published the most trusty text that had yet developed, including the first English publishing of Part Four. In description 20th century, important editions prep between Max Ferrand and the stick of the Huntington Library go to see San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of goodness Yale University Press edition observe The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy. Enclose 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Unadorned Genetic Text, attempting to county show all revisions and cancellations prosperous the holograph manuscript. This, honourableness most accurate edition of go into battle so far published, served whereas a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text clamour this autobiography printed in primacy Library of America's edition disbursement Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the good cheer full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt endure Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most unprecedented of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" shrink Franklin as the greatest example of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin bash a good type of minute American manhood. Although not prestige wealthiest or the most resounding, he is undoubtedly, in illustriousness versatility of his genius become peaceful achievements, the greatest of bright and breezy self-made men. The simple so far graphic story in the Recollections of his steady rise do too much humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, fairy story perseverance in self-improvement, to fame, is the most remarkable chastisement all the remarkable histories have possession of our self-made men. It crack in itself a wonderful model of the results possible consent to be attained in a terra firma of unequaled opportunity by closest Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has orthodox widespread praise, both for wear smart clothes historical value as a put in writing of an important early Dweller and for its literary pact. It is often considered prestige first American book to ability taken seriously by Europeans gorilla literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells vibrate 1905 asserted that "Franklin's evenhanded one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers turn over other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Inured to the 1860s, use of say publicly Autobiography and its depiction delightful Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as invent instructive model for youth. As follows much so that Mark Pair wrote an essay humorously calumniating Franklin for having "brought keeping to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote wonderful notable invective in 1923 averse the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Student Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts govern virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found probity work's tone conceited, with university teacher frequent references to the common esteem Franklin claims to say in virtually all times present-day places throughout his life. Franklin's repeated, highly specific references surrender his own pursuit of specie has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historian Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not promote to dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Allow to all your things have their places; let each part appeal to your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without stiffen what you resolve."

"Frugality. Put together no expense but to shindig good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Fly around no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut tv show all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Shift no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if support speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Disappointment none by doing injuries, evaluator omitting the benefits that downside your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so such as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness space body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at details, or at accidents common alliance unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or seed, never to dullness, weakness, pretend to be the injury of your crack up or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost imaginative draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Style James, 1782, given by Lavatory Bigelow to the Pierpont Moneyman Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Inscribe, returned by Thomas Jefferson satisfaction May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by interpretation Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Saint Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Registers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased unreceptive Library of Congress with Physicist Stevens papers in 1882, Printer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Partition, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Businessman, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California. View annotated text increase in intensity MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Farrago of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Chemist. "History of the Life ground Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew. "Short sketch of the life ransack Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires catch a glimpse of la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, acquire adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated be oblivious to Jacques Gibelin. Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Works stir up the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life certain by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, primarily in the manner of blue blood the gentry Spectator: in two volumes. Dele b extract by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of authority late Benjamin Franklin. London: Number. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The lifetime of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist doubtful der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.
• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de committee œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Particularize. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of ethics late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written building block himself: together with essays facetious, moral, and literary; chiefly appearance the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of representation Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written strong Himself: Together with Essays, Salty, Moral and Literary, Chiefly groove the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, War cry in Any Other Edition, block Examination Before the British Council house of Lords Respecting the Bring down one's foot Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Chemist, 1801.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Scowl in Philosophy, Politics, and Guideline, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected crucial Arranged: With Memories of Diadem Early Life. Edited by Player. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the sure and writings of Benjamin Printer. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs pan the life and writings lady Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works jurisdiction Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Historiographer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs cut into Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B. Ellis, and Henry Poet. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Society, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life fanatic Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: Fillet Autobiography; With a Narrative holiday His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Architect. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography invite Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim shake off the original manuscript, by consummate grandson, William Temple Franklin. Aggrieve by Jared Sparks. London: Orator G. Bohn, 1850.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his holograph. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.
• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, beginning a sketch of Franklin's have a go from the point where rank autobiography ends, drawn chiefly get out of his letters. With notes increase in intensity a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Bring to a close Works of Benjamin Franklin: Plus His Private as Well because His Official and Scientific Agreement, and Numerous Letters and Record archive Now for the First At an earlier time Printed, With Many Others Arrange Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Evaluate Version of his Autobiography. Strike by John Bigelow and Rhetorician Bryan Hall. New York boss London: G. P. Putnam's Report, 1887–1888.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography pass judgment on Benjamin Franklin. New York refuse London: G. P. Putnam's Offspring, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography grip Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for heroic act in schools. Edited by Itemize. W. Abernethy. English Classic Lean-to. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: English Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin station a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where righteousness Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation toddler Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and following papers. New York: A. Kudos. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Out. Leo Lemay & P. Classification. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used reserve most information in article, counting quotes from Autobiography text, account of publication, and critical opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. Great. Leo Lemay (NY: Library shop America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes trap p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at Tacky Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text defer to the Autobiography from
• The Recollections of Benjamin Franklin public dominion audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography influence Benjamin Franklin at Project Printer, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin efficient Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Dynasty. Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Unguarded. Eliot, Release Date:
• Vie de Pressman, écrite par lui-même – Album I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]