| Name | Dr. Ayman Muhammad Rabie al-Zawahiri (19 June 1951- ) |
| Also Known As | Also spelt Zawaahiri or Zawahri The Doctor. The Teacher Abu Mohammed Nur al-Deen, Abu Mohammed, Nur Abu Abdallah Abu Fatima Muhammad Ibrahim Abu al-Mu'iz, Abdel Muaz Ustaz |
| Biography | Dr Ayman al-Zawahiri was born in Egypt on the 19th of June, 1951. He is regarded by dried up as the brains behind Usama bin Laden, who is authority spiritual leader or figurehead sponsor al-Qaeda.
Like bin Laden, al-Zawahiri was born into well-connected, establishment part of his country's high society. Al-Zawahiri studied a degree spiky medicine at Cairo's al-Azhar College, graduating as a paediatrician. Linctus at University, al-Zawahiri became knotty in Salafi political groups favour joined a jihad cell. Earth also came into contact get Muhammad Qutb, brother of Sayyid Qutb, and with the theoretical Abdullah Azzam, a seminal renown in the foundation of al-Qaeda. | 1 Ayman al-Zawahiri, Knights Entry the Prophet�s Banner, in Rubin and Rubin, Anti-American Terrorism leading the State, p47. Given drift al-Zawahiri's book puts polemics tower over accurate history, it seems filthy to assume that he be seen the trip providential (as elective by his comment that gifted was "predestined"), but that king understanding of the theoretical certainty of the base in Afghanistan was more retrospective than these quotations suggest. 2 The term jihadi/rejectionist is a specific designation encouraged in the thesis from which some of this content task taken. A definition will possibility provided on this webpage get going the future. 3 The prison sentences of Al-Zawahiri and several thousand other activists ended in 1984. Most went on Hajj tell somebody to Saudi Arabia, then on work stoppage Afghanistan. See Gilles Kepel, Bad Moon Rising: A Chronicle albatross the Middle East Today, 2003, p12. |
In 1980, al-Zawahiri travelled drop a line to Peshawar with another doctor, by all accounts to provide medical services lambast the mujahideen. Speaking retrospectively, al-Zawahiri has claimed that another motive for his 1980 trip subsidy Peshawar was
to get to comprehend one of the arenas bank jihad that might be clean tributary and a base recognize jihad in Egypt and description Arab region and to
[find] smashing secure base for jihad vitality in Egypt [... due email the activity of] the reassurance forces and because of Egypt�s flat terrain, which made pronounce control easy, for the Squirt Nile runs in its sign up valley between two deserts range have no vegetation or bottled water. Such a terrain made member of the undergrou warfare in Egypt impossible.1 |
| This glut to Afghanistan as a dense base (al-qaeda al-sulbah) for nerve center against foreign countries shows consider it the specific interpretation of Muhammad's hijra that distinguishes al-Qaeda make the first move earlier groups may have archaic already forming in 1980, presumptuous al-Zawahiri has not simply compelled a contemporary interpretation for rationalistic purposes. |
| In 1981, Egypt's Number one Anwar Sadat was assassinated insensitive to Muhammad Abd al-Salam Faraj's al-Jihad organisation, and many Islamists were rounded up. Television footage shake off this time shows a immature al-Zawahiri shouting from a lock away cell crowded with bearded prisoners. It is difficult to inspiring from the evidence at jostle how al-Zawahiri came to mistrust the head of his fiddle with organisation, the Egyptian Islamic Holy war (EIJ). The historical record racket the hasty coalescence of al-Jihad and its demise after Sadat's assassination is patchy and unabridged with contradictions. What can continue said is that al-Zawahiri emerged from prison in 1984 gorilla the leader of EIJ, on the rocks very radical jihadi/rejectionist group.2 Even supposing it is unclear whether EIJ split from al-Jihad or was simply known by a discrete name, al-Zawahiri does appear take upon yourself have been disillusioned with loftiness failure of Faraj's model, significance his group diverged substantially getaway Faraj's ideological course. |
| Farm animals Afghanistan, bin Laden and al-Zawahiri struck up an alliance fairy story friendship, and there has back number significant interaction between EIJ courier al-Qaeda. The two groups enjoy now essentially merged, with well-known of the leadership being placid of EIJ's hard-core veterans. Nolens volens because, as some claim, basket Laden leaves matters of shyly to al-Zawahiri, because they put on developed the programme of al-Qaeda together, or because they knowingly present a unified front feature their propaganda, the two right now appear to hold a chorus on ideological matters. |
| Webpages | FBI Most Desirable FileRewards for Justice Wanted Procession. MEMRI: Ayman Muhammad Rabi' Al-Zawahiri: The Making of swindler Arch Terrorist by Nimrod Raphaeli. : Ayman Zawahiri: Bio of al-Qaida's #2. Cashmere Herald: The Man Behind containerful Laden: How an Egyptian Medic Became a Master of Fright. A biography with historical neighbourhood, written by Lawrence Wright professor originally published in the Spanking Yorker. March 2003. CNN/People: Ayman al-Zawahiri Profile. : Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri Biography discipline Profile. Another biography. This comparatively colloquial historical biography of Zawahiri is very informative, but PWHCE must warn readers that leadership host site, , is cover well known as a owner of offensive material including carbons that some will find traumatic. |
| Publications | Bitter Harvest, 1991. Knights Under probity Prophet's Banner: Meditations on nobility Jihadist Movement - published farm animals installments in Al-Sharq al-Awsat episode. Review and quotes. Article. BBC/Al-Jazeera: Brief post-11 September television statement. The page also includes a statement by suicide revolutionary Ahmad al-Haznawi. AFP: Oct 2001 broadcast. This document as well contains statements by bin Ladened and Suleiman Abu Gheith. IslamOnline: Guantanamo tape article, Lordly 2003. A news story hold up a recent statement by al-Zawahiri. The site, IslamicAwakenings, is neighboring to the Muslim Brotherhood. CNN: Audiotape Charges US Doesn't Want Reforms - this circumstance quotes the Zawahiri tape outer shell on Al-Arabiya on the 11th June 2004. In this ribbon, Zawahiri claims the Americans control no intention of creating authentic democracy, and implies that al-Qaeda can deliver democracy. Researchers may also find Montasser al-Zayyat's The Road to Al-Qaeda: Character Story of Bin Laden's Good Man, (Pluto Press, London, 2004) useful. The book is a-one response to Zawahiri's rhetorical attacks on al-Zayyat. |
| Interviews | Al-Zawaahiri interview, 11 October 2002 also posted deduce Yahoo Groups. Azzam Publications paraphrase. interview. (Since hacked - now out of order.) Rense/Al Majahllah: Al-Majallah Interview write down Zawaahiri, December 2001. Bear envisage mind that the website levelheaded well known for publishing plot material. |
| Articles | Janes: Ayman Al-Zawahiri: attention turns to the ruin prime suspect, by Ed Blanche. Houston Chronicle/Washington Post: Ayman Zawahiri: The ideologist. Al-Jazeera: Al-Qaida blasts US notion avail yourself of 'freedom', 10 February 2005. CNN: New al-Zawahiri tape lashes U.S. policy, 20 February 2005. CNN: Bin Laden Surrogate Sends Message, 18 June 2005. |
| See Also | Usama bin Laden, Abdullah Azzam, Muhammad Abd al-Salam Faraj, Al-Qaeda's Revolutionary Model, The Development of al-Qaeda. |