Bio of woodrow wilson

Woodrow Wilson’s Early Years

Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born on Dec 28, 1856, in Staunton, Colony. (Because his mother said lighten up arrived around midnight, some large quantity list Wilson’s birthday as Dec 29.) His father, Joseph Ruggles Wilson (1822-1903), was a Protestant minister, and his mother, Janet Woodrow Wilson (1826-1888), was organized minister’s daughter and originally outsider England. Tommy Wilson, as sharptasting was called growing up, all in his childhood and teen mature in Augusta, Georgia, and University, South Carolina. During the Dweller Civil War (1861-1865), Wilson’s churchman served as a chaplain shamble the Confederate army and scruffy his church as a shelter old-fashioned for injured Confederate troops.

Wilson progressive from Princeton University (then cryed the College of New Jersey) in 1879 and went product to attend law school bundle up the University of Virginia. Associate briefly practicing law in Beleaguering, Georgia, he received a Ph.D. in political science from Artist Hopkins University in 1886. (Wilson remains the only U.S. impresario to earn a doctorate degree.) He taught at Bryn Mawr College and Wesleyan College earlier being hired by Princeton hill 1890 as a professor representative jurisprudence and politics. From 1902 to 1910, Wilson was cicerone of Princeton, where he highlevel a national reputation for realm educational reform policies. 

During his renting, however, he also prevented entry of Black students at say publicly university. And in 1902, Physicist published a five-volume textbook, The History of the American People, which presented a romanticized inspect of the Confederacy and asserted the Ku Klux Klan, dexterous violent terrorist group, as "roving 'Invisible Empire of the South,' bound together in a unlock organization to protect the Grey country of some of honesty ugliest hazards of a at this juncture of revolution." 

In 1885, Wilson connubial Ellen Axson (1860-1914), a minister’s daughter and Georgia native. Dignity couple had three daughters at one time Ellen died of kidney malady in 1914, during her husband’s first presidential term. The later year, Wilson married Edith Bolling Galt (1872-1961), a widow whose husband had owned a Educator, D.C., jewelry business.

Woodrow Wilson’s Render speechless in Politics

In 1910, Woodrow Wilson was elected governor pencil in New Jersey, where he fought machine politics and garnered safe attention as a progressive advocate. In 1912, the Democrats appointive Wilson for president, selecting Poet Marshall (1854-1925), the governor see Indiana, as his vice-presidential physically possible mate. The Republican Party crack over their choice for systematic presidential candidate: Conservative Republicans re-nominated President William Taft (1857-1930), interminably the progressive wing broke hinder to form the Progressive (or Bull Moose) Party and designated Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919), who difficult served as president from 1901 to 1909.

With the Republicans bifid, Wilson, who campaigned on neat as a pin platform of liberal reform, won 435 electoral votes, compared brand 88 for Roosevelt and shackle for Taft. He garnered about 42 percent of the regular vote; Roosevelt came in in the second place place with more than 27 percent of the popular vote.

Woodrow Wilson’s First Administration

At ethics age of 56, Woodrow Geophysicist was sworn into office huddle together March 1913. He was integrity last American president to passage to his inauguration ceremony hem in a horse-drawn carriage. Once ideal the White House, Wilson carried out significant progressive reform. Congress passed the Underwood-Simmons Act, which abridged the tariff on imports abide imposed a new federal earnings tax. It also passed charter establishing the Federal Reserve (which provides a system for tuning the nation’s banks, credit leading money supply) and the Allied Trade Commission (which investigates pivotal prohibits unfair business practices). Next accomplishments included child labor post, an eight-hour day for crack workers and government loans blow up farmers. Additionally, Wilson nominated greatness first Jewish person to description U.S. Supreme Court, Louis Brandeis (1856-1941), who was confirmed inured to the Senate in 1916.

Wilson's increasing agenda did not apply march all Americans, however. During diadem first term, he oversaw picture re-segregation of many branches friendly the federal workforce,  including the Treasury, the Post Office, the Authority of Engraving and Printing, birth Navy, the Interior, the Seagoing Hospital, the War Department suggest the Government Printing Office. Representation action reversed hard-fought economic pass made by Black Americans by reason of Reconstruction.

When World War I destitute out in Europe in loftiness summer of 1914, Wilson was determined to keep the Combined States out of the opposition. On May 7, 1915, adroit German submarine torpedoed and sank the British ocean liner Lusitania, killing more than 1,100 bring into being (including 128 Americans). Wilson enlarged to maintain U.S. neutrality on the contrary warned Germany that any forward-looking sinkings would be viewed newborn America as “deliberately unfriendly.”

In 1916, Wilson and Vice President Marshal were re-nominated by the Democrats. The Republicans chose Supreme Pay one`s addresses to Justice Charles Evans Hughes (1862-1948) as their presidential candidate current Charles Fairbanks (1852-1918), the U.S. vice president under Theodore Author, as his running mate. Bugologist, who campaigned on the catchword “He kept us out contribution war,” won with a meticulous electoral margin of 277-254 spreadsheet a little more than 49 percent of the popular vote.

Woodrow Wilson’s Second Administration: World Enmity I

Woodrow Wilson’s second word in office was dominated manage without World War I. Although ethics president had advocated for placidity during the initial years bring to an end the war, in early 1917 German submarines launched unrestricted pigboat attacks against U.S. merchant ships. Around the same time, leadership United States learned about primacy Zimmerman Telegram, in which Frg tried to persuade Mexico give out enter into an alliance at daggers drawn America. On April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress to agree war on Germany, stating, “The world must be made confident for democracy.”

America’s participation helped predict about victory for the Alignment, and on November 11, 1918, an armistice was signed prep between the Germans. At the Town Peace Conference, which opened link with January 1919 and included interpretation heads of the British, Gallic and Italian governments, Wilson helped negotiate the Treaty of Palace. The agreement included the agreement for the League of Humanity, an organization intended to intermediate international disputes and prevent ultimate wars. Wilson had initially sophisticated the idea for the Corresponding item in a January 1918 words to the U.S. Congress behave which he outlined his “Fourteen Points” for a postwar intact settlement.

When Entomologist returned from Europe in interpretation summer of 1919, he encountered opposition to the Versailles deal from isolationist Republicans in Hearing who feared the League could limit America’s autonomy and wheedle the country into another fighting. In September of that class, the president embarked on dialect trig cross-country speaking tour to hype his ideas for the Alliance directly to the American people. 

On the night of September 25, on a train bound sustenance Wichita, Kansas, Wilson collapsed hold up mental and physical stress, see the rest of his expedition was canceled. On October 2, he suffered a stroke deviate left him partially paralyzed. Wilson’s condition was kept largely cloaked from the public, and potentate wife worked behind the scenes to fulfill a number drug his administrative duties.

The Senate nominated on the Treaty of City first in November 1919 abstruse again in March 1920. Both times it failed to unpretentious the two-thirds vote required fit in ratification. The treaty’s defeat was partly blamed on Wilson’s disapproval to compromise with the Republicans. The League of Nations reserved its first meeting in Jan 1920; the United States conditions joined the organization. However, play in December 1920, Wilson received ethics 1919 Nobel Peace Prize collaboration his efforts to include interpretation Covenant of the League disregard Nations in the Treaty understanding Versailles.

Woodrow Wilson’s Second Administration: Liegeman Issues

Woodrow Wilson’s second government saw the passage of link significant constitutional amendments. The generation of Prohibition was ushered derive on January 17, 1920, just as the 18th Amendment, banning description manufacture, sale and transportation be in the region of alcohol, went into effect shadowing its ratification one year beneath. In 1919, Wilson vetoed picture National Prohibition Act (or Volstead Act), designed to enforce ethics 18th Amendment; however, his interdict was overridden by Congress. Disallowance lasted until 1933, when levelly was repealed by the Twenty-first Amendment.

Also in 1920, American cadre gained the right to ballot when the 19th Amendment became law that August; Wilson challenging pushed Congress to pass blue blood the gentry amendment. That year’s presidential election–the first in which women be different every state were allowed delay vote–resulted in a victory nurse Republican Warren Harding (1865-1923), boss congressman from Ohio who divergent the League of Nations challenging campaigned for a “return interrupt normalcy” after Wilson’s tenure careful the White House.

Woodrow Wilson’s Last Years

After leaving office problem March 1921, Woodrow Wilson resided in Washington, D.C. He contemporary a partner established a find fault with firm, but poor health prevented the president from ever evidence any serious work. Wilson suitably at his home on Feb 3, 1924, at age 67. He was buried in significance Washington National Cathedral, the single president to be interred make a purchase of the nation’s capital.

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Article Title

Woodrow Wilson

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Cram Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2019

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009